The Little-known Cancer – Cancer of Unknown Primary (CUP)

CUP, also known as Cancer of unknown primary, is Cancer that has metastasized from another body part. The site where it began, also called the primary site, is unknown in this case.

Why CUP is a challenging cancer?

Cancer of unknown primary is often challenging because it tends to be aggressive and spreads to many body parts when found. Only 2 to 5% of CUP cancers are diagnosed in the U.S. In addition, because the origin of this type of Cancer is unknown, it often is challenging to choose the best treatment. CUPs are usually found in the lymph nodes, liver, lung, peritoneum (lining of the bowel), or bone, and thanks to better diagnostics and screening, they are becoming less common nowadays.

What are the primary causes?

Because the primary site of many of these cancers is unknown, it is hard to predict the primary cause. Even in cases where the primary location is found, the type of Cancer determines the possible risk factors.

Types of CUP cancers

Even when an Oncologists is unable to determine the initial site where the Cancer began, A further microscopic inspection of the cancer cells concludes the Cancer falling into one of the following categories:

  • Neuroendocrine carcinoma: These are cancers that begin in specialized cells called neuroendocrine cells and have traits similar to those of nerve cells and hormone-producing cells. Neuroendocrine tumors are rare and can occur anywhere in the body. Most of this happens in the lungs, appendix, small intestine, rectum, and pancreas.
  • Poorly differentiated carcinoma: Cancer cells are present in this type of CUP, but they do not have enough detail for an oncologist to decide the type of Cancer. Around 10% of these CUP cases are lymphoma, melanoma, or sarcoma.
  • Adenocarcinomas: In six of every ten cancers of unknown primary are adenocarcinomas, beginning in gland cells, with the primary sites in the lung, pancreas, breast, prostate, stomach, liver, or colon.
  • Squamous cell cancer: These cells are flat, similar to cells on the skin or linings of some organs

 

What are the Symptoms of Cancer of Unknown Primary?

While the Symptoms of Cancer of unknown primary (CUP) vary from person to person and depend on where Cancer has spread, patients often experience it.

  • Swollen lymph nodes that are not painful but firm.
  • Abdominal Mass that can be felt from the outside, often causing a feeling of fullness after a small meal
  • Shortness of breath
  • Pain in the chest or abdomen
  • Pain in the bones
  • Skin tumors
  • Fatigue or weakness
  • Lack of appetite or unexplained weight loss

 

How is CUP Diagnosed?

If an oncologist suspects Cancer of unknown primary, one or more of the following tests may be performed for an accurate diagnosis.

  1. Biopsy
    1. Fine needle aspiration (FNA)
    2. Core needle biopsy
    3. Excisional biopsy
    4. Incisional biopsy
    5. Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy
  2. Blood and urine tests
  3. Imaging tests, which may include
    1. X-rays
    2. CT or CAT computed axial tomography) scans
    3. MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) scans
    4. Ultrasound
    5. PET (positron emission tomography) scans
  4. Endoscopy
  5. Colonoscopy

 

What are the available Treatments?

  • Surgery
  • Chemotherapy
  • Radiation therapy
  • Brachytherapy
  • 3D-conformal radiation therapy
  • Intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT)
  • Proton therapy
  • Targeted therapies

 

Finally, Cancer of unknown primary is rare, and it’s essential to be aware of the symptoms and see a doctor immediately if you experience any of them. With early diagnosis and treatment, many people with this type of Cancer can beat the disease successfully.

How to make the most out of the cancerGO mobile app

Welcome to cancerGO and we are delighted that you took the first step towards building a support community that allows you to engage, listen, answer questions, share information, and offer valuable and timely advice. Our platform enables a social network that strives to solve a fundamental problem – democratizing access to information, knowledge, resources, support, and guidance.

Once you register on the cancerGO mobile app, you are able to do multitude of things right away.

Navigate inside your public feed where you can browse cancer related posts, personal stories, tips, articles, and many other informational content. Post a question or a story about your cancer journey. Follow other patients, survivors, caregivers, and physicians. Reach out and send direct messages, and socialize on a cancer-only network.

Find and engage with a physician

You may engage with our physician and specialist community – one of a kind opportunity to start a conversation outside of your hospital network. If you are anxious about your condition and have a burning question, reach out to our growing network of oncologists, therapists, and healthcare professionals, using all social tools that you are already familiar with. Meanwhile, if you are physician, you can use our platform to respond to someone’s question or concern immediately. It is a key step towards destigmatizing cancer by disseminating vetted information to fight misinformation.

Lookup a support organization near you

As a patient or a survivor, you can look up a support organization near you. We are building cancerGO to be the one-stop destination for any cancer related support. As we onboard more non-profits and for-profit support organizations, you may check out local events and activities close to you where you can discover other patients and survivors. Reach out to these organizations from our mobile app easily and plan your next activity. Meanwhile, if you are a member of a support organization and believe that bringing your organization onboard can help many others to connect and benefit, please share it with us and we will reach out to them.

For any app related support questions, you can go to Settings and select Contact Support. Or you may reach directly at support@cancergo.org.

Cancer: A disease we can no longer ignore

Welcome to cancerGO;

we are honored to have you on your platform. cancerGo is a social network platform where oncologists democratize access to knowledge, interpret cancer medicine for a broader audience, and provide accurate cancer-related information to counteract misinformation. We want to equip patients with the correct information to fight cancer efficiently!

Connecting with cancer patients matters more than ever! We hope we partner with you to share and disseminate information with patients, caregivers, and survivors. We also aim to have a partnership where communication is open and goes both ways. In addition, through cancerGo, you can change oncology by providing perspective outside the four walls of the cancer center by involving patients, advocates, and the public.”

As an oncologist, you can use cancerGo to build interactive strategies, such as direct patient engagement, reaching out to potential patients, and sharing information about your organization or private practice. You can gain a following of patients, and you can not only establish a way to regularly communicate with patients but also pave the way for patients to establish an online community to communicate with each other.

Benefits for Oncologists

Many benefits come with joining cancerGo as an Oncologist.

  • You can play a significant role in getting accurate cancer-related information OUT through a dedicated oncology platform with a dedicated audience.
  • You can connect and have a conversation, either with other experts or peers, to learn and disseminate information.
  • You can advance your career by discussing publications, lectures, and a broader range of issues adjacent to the cancer you treat, including healthcare policy and cancer-care topics.

Summary

Above all, as an oncologist, you can end the stigma faced by patients who receive their cancer diagnosis. CancerGO’s platform is a great way to get your message out to cancer patients, survivors, and caregivers. For those reasons, I thank you for your presence on cancerGo, and together, we will fight to destigmatize cancer. 

Cancer patients and survivors find community and support on cancerGO

On behalf of caregivers and survivors, we welcome you to cancerGo. Our social network is the first ever dedicated exclusively to people living with or fighting cancer – it is a safe space where they can connect with others who understand what they are going through; seek help from those who have experience with cancer while sharing stories of hope along their journey – it can be difficult at times, but there is always someone else out here waiting! Your support is not limited by where you receive treatment, making cancerGo special!

The fear and anxiety of a cancer diagnosis can be overwhelming. That is why we created cancerGo to provide support when going through life-changing events. 

Cancer is an isolating disease. People often feel like they are going through it alone, even though many cancer patients receive support from friends and family members throughout their journey- joining a community platform can be very beneficial. When they log in to cancerGo, they realize they are part of a community in their fight against cancer. Confusion, loneliness, and lack of access to information about how best to fight back against this life-threatening illness.” no longer stand in the way.

Support organizations on cancerGO network

The support for people with cancers is not limited to emotional support, financial worries, and information about the disease on cancerGo. Support groups within cancerGo focus on all cancer types, while other support groups are tailored to a specific cancer subtype. These blogs are regularly updated by a team of experts who provide valuable insights into all types of cancers and chat rooms designed specifically for those living through it mentally or physically; cancerGo offers an opportunity to meet other patients just like yourself!

In addition, there are also videos on various cancer-related topics like should I move back home after being diagnosed? What does prolonged vomiting entail – one might ask, and much more.

At first, you may feel like you do not belong in a support group. That is normal. It takes time to get comfortable sharing your feelings with strangers. Stick with it, and you will likely find that the support group becomes an integral part of your cancer journey.

With its personal touch and unique approach, “cancerGo” is a vital, interactive resource for people affected by cancer. Our mission is to put patients and survivors at the center of their care, support them through their journey, and empower them to take control of their lives!

Thank you for choosing and downloading cancerGo. Please get in touch with us with suggestions to improve cancerGo and serve your needs.

When You Have Cancer: The Importance of Relationships

All of us understand the importance of our relationships. We always need each other, but we need one another even more than usual when faced with a crisis. Cancer certainly qualifies as a people-needing time.

Cancer Human Resources 101

If there were a required introductory course for newly diagnosed cancer patients, it ought to be something like “Cancer Human Resources 101”. Whenever I talk with someone who is entering Cancer World, I ask about the people and connections in their lives.

I have learned never to make assumptions about whom they can rely upon for ongoing support. For example, I have known a number of married people whose spouses were the opposite of reliable and helpful. The real risk in those situations is that others may assume that the spouse is right there being helpful and may not offer what they might for a single friend.

It is always instructive to make a list, either literally or figuratively, of whom you think will be helpful through cancer. I encourage people to do this and then to put the list away and look at it a year later. Inevitably, we make some guesses that turn out not to be right. Some of the people whom we expected to be close and faithful will not be, while others may step up in a surprising and wonderful way.

Cancer is changing relationships

Everyone has some relationships that are changed, for better or for worse, by cancer. At the far end of the experience, there will be time to consider these relationships and decide if it is worth trying to mend some that have been damaged.

As is always true, there is not a clear right or wrong answer here. It feels risky to reach out to a friend who has disappointed you and share your perspective. Even understanding that your old friend may have vanished because she was too frightened by your diagnosis or too hurt by another cancer loss in her life does not make it easy. You may decide that a particular friendship is or is not worth the risk.

Building a friendship list

Clearly one of the reasons for suggesting this list is to encourage people to think about all of their possible “human resources.” They may be found in different parts of our lives: family, friends who are nearby, friends who are geographically distant, acquaintances, neighbors, co-workers, employers, people who attend the same church or synagogue, etc.

Once the list has been made, you are faced with the next challenge: how to ask for and accept help. Many of us are much better at offering assistance than at accepting it, and our instinct may be to reject offers that actually could be helpful. Remind yourself that other people truly want to help as you move through cancer. You are being kind to them to say yes to their offer to bring dinner, drive the carpool, or do the grocery shopping. Think of this as a win/win situation; you get something you need, and they get to feel good about themselves.

Potential hurdle

Another potential hurdle is what people may say to you. Even if we assume they are speaking from a kind and caring perspective, it is often not advice you want to hear. People may ask detailed questions about your situation that you have no mandate to answer. People may suggest all kinds of cancer treatments or tell you stories about others who have been through a similar diagnosis.

Furthermore, people may send you links to all kinds of cancer information or bring books that purport to teach you to cure cancer with diet, supplements, or learning to better control your anger. You do not have to read any of them. You can always politely say thank you and then immediately trash the offending literature.

If someone says something that is truly outlandish, hurtful, or inappropriate, here is my best all-purpose response: Pause for a moment and then ask, questioningly (not angrily), Why did you ask me that? Why did you just say that? Inevitably, this takes the focus off you and back to them and, usually, results in some squirming and maybe even an apology.

Expanding your thinking

As you consider where and how best to find the people who will most help you, here are a few questions to help expand your thinking:

  • Who is supportive of your emotional needs and can align with your hopes?
  • Where else might you look for support?
  • Who has already offered to help? What might they be good at?
  • Which tasks or errands could best to assigned to each potential helper?
  • Who can always make you laugh? (Encourage these relationships!)
  • Are there people whom you don’t want in your life right now? This is perfectly okay; you don’t owe anyone anything at this moment.
  • Have you considered joining a support group or another cancer-related organization where you could find community?

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